能力建設｜深度走訪海外倉之吉布提自貿區

發布時間：25-05-30　　來源：中國倉儲與配送協會

2025年1月1日，國際倉儲與物流聯盟項目總監劉建萍前往招商局吉布提國際自貿區（以下簡稱為“DIFTZ”）進行為期十天的海外倉調研，受到了吉布提國際自貿區運營公司CEO袁俊華（圖1）、招商局控股（吉布提）有限公司執行總經理黎友明（圖2）的熱情接待。調研重點圍繞園區的運營管理、倉儲物流服務體系及供應鏈配套能力展開。

On January 1, 2025, Alina Liu, Project Director of the International Federation of Warehousing and Logistics (IFWL), conducted a 10-day field study at the China Merchants Djibouti International Free Trade Zone (DIFTZ). She was warmly received by Mr. Billy Yuan, CEO of International Djibouti Industrial Parks Operation FZCO (Figure 1), and Mr. James Li, Executive General Manager of China Merchants Holdings (Djibouti) FZE (Figure 2). The visit aimed to gain in-depth insights into park operations, warehousing logistics, and supply chain services.

圖1袁俊華        

 Figure 1 Billy YUAN  

圖2 黎友明
 Figure 2 James LI

吉布提地處非洲東北部，是連接非洲、亞洲、中東和歐洲的重要樞。超過80%的埃塞俄比亞進出口貨物經由此地。

Located in the Horn of Africa, Djibouti serves as a vital logistics hub connecting Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and Europe. More than 80% of Ethiopia’s import and export cargo transits through Djibouti, underscoring its strategic importance.

圖3 吉布提的戰略地理位置

Figure 3 Djibouti strategic location

招商局集團在當地按照“前港中區后城”PPC模式（港口、園區、城市一體化發展戰略），打造了港口群、物流園和自貿區一體的產業生態系統。

China Merchants Group has adopted the "Port-Park-City" (PPC) integrated development model in the region to establish an industrial ecosystem that combines port clusters, logistics parks, and free trade zones.

圖4 多功能的區域物流樞紐—多哈港（DMP）
Figure 4  Doha Multipurpose Port (DMP), a versatile regional logistics hub.

其中，招商港口保稅物流園（CMHD）作為核心區域，具備完善的倉儲設施與一體化服務能力，包括清關、倉儲、運輸、寄售。

At the center of this development is the bonded logistics park operated by China Merchants Holdings (Djibouti) FZE (CMHD), offerings advanced warehousing facilities and comprehensive integrated services such as customs clearance, storage, transportation, and consignment.

圖5 CMHD保稅物流園設施鳥瞰圖

Figure 5   Aerial View of China Merchants Holdings (Djibouti) FZE

隨著埃塞俄比亞從2024年起全面禁售燃油車，新能源汽車出口需求激增。DIFTZ設立貿易結算中心，解決外匯回流難題，并提供中轉配送服務，通過海陸聯運直達非洲內陸市場。園區享有“零稅收”、商品保稅操作、本幣與美元掛鉤、自由兌換等多重政策優勢，降低企業成本。

With Ethiopia implementing a full ban on the sale of fuel-powered vehicles starting in 2024, demand for new energy vehicle exports has surged. To address challenges related to foreign exchange repatriation, the DIFTZ has established a trade settlement center and provides transshipment and distribution services. Through combined sea and land transport, goods can be delivered directly to inland African markets. Businesses benefit from favorable policies including zero taxation, bonded goods handling, currency pegging to the US dollar, and free currency exchange mechanisms, significantly reducing operational costs for the enterprises.

此外，DIFTZ企業可享受“零稅收”政策，并借助COMESA（東南非共同市場）、AGOA（《非洲增長與機會法案》）、EBA（“除武器之外一切優惠”）等國際協定，“吉布提制造”原產地政策還可帶來額外優惠。

Additionally, DIFTZ enterprises can take advantage of the zero-tax policy and international agreements such as COMESA (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa), AGOA (African Growth and Opportunity Act), and EBA (Everything But Arms). Products labeled “Made in Djibouti” also enjoy origin-based preferential treatment, offering further competitive advantages.

圖6新能源汽車代表與劉建萍合影

此次調研加深了對“一帶一路”在非洲實踐的理解，為中國企業建設海外倉、對接非洲市場提供了重要參考和支持。吉布提憑借其區位、政策、物流、金融等綜合優勢，正日益成為中國企業拓展非洲市場的重要跳板和戰略支點。

This field study has deepened the understanding of the Belt and Road Initiative's implementation in Africa and provides valuable guidance and support for Chinese enterprises in establishing overseas warehouses and connecting with the African market. With its strategic location, robust policy incentives, and advanced logistics and financial infrastructure, Djibouti is emerging as a key gateway and strategic base for Chinese business expansion across the African continent.

                                                                 中國倉協保稅、跨境電商與海外倉分會  
                                                       Bonded,Cross-Border E-Commerce and Overseas Hub Branch   
                                                                           China Association of Warehousing and Distribution